U Rwanda rwinjiye mu mwaka wa nyuma wa gahunda yo kwihutisha iterambere (NST1) ifite intego zirimo iyo guhanga imirimo mishya miliyoni 1.5.
Uwavuga ko imirimo myinshi ihangwa ari iy’urubyiruko ntiyaba abeshye kandi bifite imvano kuko ari cyo cyiciro cyugarijwe cyane n’ubushomeri.
Imibare y’ibarura rusange ry’abaturage rya 2022, yatunze agatoki ubushomeri nk’ikibazo cyugarije urubyiruko, aho 20.4% b’urubyiruko bafite hagati y’imyaka 16 na 30 bari mu bushomeri. Mu barengeje imyaka yo kwitwa urubyiruko, igipimo cy’ubushomeri kiri kuri 15.1%.
Leta ikomeje gushyiraho ingamba zitandukanye mu guhangana n’ubushomeri zirimo kwigisha urubyiruko kwihangira imirimo, kuruherekeza mu buryo bw’amahugurwa n’amafaranga ndetse na gahunda y’imyuga n’ubumenyingiro ikomeje gufasha benshi gutsinda ubushomeri.
Ku rundi ruhande, iyo witegereje imishinga myinshi y’urubyiruko, usanga ikomeje kugonga igikuta. Mu isesengura ry’ikinyamakuru Makuruki.rw turarebera hamwe impamvu 10 zituma imishinga myinshi y’urubyiruko ihombera mu itangira aka wa mwana upfa mu iterura.
- Umutwe umwe ukora byose
Umusore cyangwa inkumi utangiye kwikorera yisanga agomba gutunganya ibyo ashyira ku isoko, kubyamamaza, gukora ibaruramari, kumenyekanisha imisoro, gushaka abakiriya, gushaka ibyo akoresha n’ibindi. Ubwinshi bw’inshingano ku mutwe umwe iteka burangira nta na kimwe gikozwe neza.
Ntawabarenganya baba bataragira amafaranga yo guhemba abakozi bafite ubumenyi bukenewe.
2. Ukujarajara mu bitekerezo:
Ikibazo gikomeye twise ukujarajara mu bitekerezo kigaragara cyane muri ba rwiyemezamirimo bamaze kwinjira ku isoko; ugasanga barashaka gukora imishinga inyuranye kandi itanafitanye isano.
Hari abatangira bakora ibijyanye n’ikoranabuhanga ariko kuko haje inkunga runaka ireba abakora ubuhinzi n’ubworozi akumva nayo arayishaka; ubwo imbaraga zigatatanyirizwa mu mishinga itandukanye bikarangira nta n’umwe ugeze ku ntego zawo.
- Gushaka inyungu zihuse
Mu minsi ishize havuzwe cyane inkuru y’ubuhinzi bwa chia seeds umukuru w’igihugu yagereranyije n’urusimbi. Aha ngo amafaranga washoye yashoboraga kwikuba inshuro ebyiri cyangwa eshatu mu gihembwe cy’ihinga.
Ubuzima bwa ba rwiyemezamirimo abenshi mu baganirije Makuruki.rw bemeza rwose ko bugizwe no kwihangana, kwiyima ndetse rimwe na rimwe no kwizirika umukanda kubera intumbero.
Imyinshi mu mishanga y’urubyiruko inatangirana igishoro gito, usanga ishobora kumara imyaka ibiri cyangwa itatu itaragira icyo yunguka. Iyo hatabayeho kwakira ubwo buzima butarimo inyungu, abenshi babiva mo batamaze kabiri.
- Kutagirirwa icyizere ku isoko
“Imihini mishya itera amabavu”. Si kenshi byorohera abaguzi kwakira igicuruzwa gishya ku isoko.
Mu gihe abandi ba rwiyemezamirimo bakunze kungukira mu masoko apiganirwa; ab’urubyiruko bo nta soko baba bashobora gutsindira kuko ibisabwa n’aya masoko baba batarabibona ndetse n’ubushobozi bwo kuyakora abenshi baba batarabugira.
- Kwikanga baringa mu nkunga n’amahirwe igihugu gitanga
U Rwanda ni kimwe mu bihugu bitanga amahirwe menshi ku rubyiruko ndetse n’amahirwe atangwa n’imiryango mpuzamahanga mu bihugu bitandukanye usanga u Rwanda rukunze kuba mu bihugu biyahabwa.
Ayo mahirwe arimo inkunga zitishyurwa, amarushanwa agamije kubakira ubushobozi ba rwiyemezamirimo bakiri bato ndetse n’inguzanyo usanga zishyurwa macye.
Reka mvuge nko kuri Youth Connekt Awards n’ikigega BDF byashyizweho ngo byubakire ubushobozi urubyiruko. Hari umubare munini w’urubyiruko usanga bagenda biguruntege mu kubyaza umusaruro aya mahirwe; bakagaragaza ko aya mafaranga afite abo yagenewe cyangwa se batapfa kuyahabwa badafite ubasunika.
Ibyo Makuruki.rw twise kwikanga baringa kuko abenshi mu babyaje umusaruro aya mahirwe bagaragaje ko ikimenyane, icyenewabo na ruswa bigoye muri izi gahunda usanga zicungwa n’inzego nyinshi.
- Gutinya ihangana ku isoko
Ba rwiyemezamirimo b’urubyiruko iteka bakunze kwibaza ngo “Ibi nkora se ubu ntibigiye guhangana n’ibyaa runaka, ubuse ndi nde wo guhangara kuba nahangana na we? Ugasanga hari abahisemo kubiva mo cyangwa se bahombejwe n’ubwoba bwa baringa ku isoko.
- Inzira y’inzitane mu itangwa ry’ibyangombwa
Myinshi mu mishinga y’urubyiruko izaharira mu kubona ibyangombwa byo kuyigeza ku masoko.
Hari gahunda nziza nka Zamukanubuziranenge ifasha abakiri bato, gusa kuba wasabwa kugira inyubako yujuje urwego rw’ubuziranenge nyamara iyo nyubako usaba guhindura imiterere yayo ari iyo ukodesha, ntibikunda.
Kuba wasabwa gushaka icyangombwa cy’uko utazangiza ibidukikije gikorerwa amafaranga arenga Miliyoni 1Frw, kuba wabona S-Mark ku bafite inganda biracyari inzira y’inzitane itera benshi igihombo.
- Ubwuungo bushyirwa ahatari imvune
Abitwa ko bafasha urubyiruko akenshi usanga bashyira ingengo y’imari ahadakenewe cyane. Hari aho usanga urwego runaka rushobora gushyira 80% by’ingengo y’imari mu bikorwa by’inama, amahugurwa no kwiyakira rimwe na rimwe binahora bivuga ingingo zisa.
Imiryango mpuzamahanga imwe n’imwe yihisha mu mutaka wo gufasha urubyiruko nyamara amafaranga ikoresha agashirira muri hoteli na misiyo z’abakozi bayo bajya kwifotoreza kuri ba rwiyemezamirimo.
- Kugirwa ibitangaza mu itangazamakuru
Ibinyamakuru bishaka kugaragaza ko guhanga imirimo ari byiza (kandi koko ni byiza) bikunze kugusha ba rwiyemezamirimo mu mutego wo kwitaka ubukire budahari. Aka rwa rwenya ngo “Nahereye ku magi 3 naturagishije ku muturanyi , none mfite inkoko zuzuza fuso y’amagi buri munsi.”
Iyo rwiyemezamirimo yamaze kwigaragaza nk’igitangaza mu itangazamakuru atangira gushaka kubaho ubuzima nk’ubwo yabwiye abamukurikiye mu kinyamakuru, yisanga asesagura ndetse abayeho mu buzima adafitiye ubushobozi ibihombo bigatangira uko.
- Guhora bateze amaboko
Hari bamwe muri ba rwiyemezamirimo bahanga imirimo, bakagira ibitekerezo byiza ariko bakiyumvisha ko bazahabwa byose bo ntacyo bakoze. Hari abategura imishinga bagamije gusa kuyisabisha inkunga nyamara itazigera ikora, hari n’abahora bashakisha uko bakwandika ibigo by’ubucuruzi ku bafite imyaka y’urubyiruko kugira ngo ihore ihabwa amahirwe nk’urubyiruko.
Iyo rero umushinga ukozwe udafite intego zihamye ahubwo iteka nyirawo akumva ko azazamurwa kubera kwitwa urubyiruko bene uwo mushinga ntiwamara kabiri.
