Ibintu 10 utari uzi ku Mujyi wa Kigali

Ubwanditsi
Yanditswe na Ubwanditsi

Aho waba uri hose mu mpande enye z’Isi, iyo uvuze izina Kigali humvikana umujyi ucyeye, ufite isuku n’umutekano, wishimirwa n’abawugenda kuko abaturage bawo bagira urugwiro kandi isaha iyo ari yo yose ukaba wawutembera ntacyo wikanga.

Kigali ni umujyi uri ku buso bwa kilometero kare 730, ukomeje kugenda waguka kandi utera imbere mu myubakire. Iyo uganiriye n’abazi uyu mujyi mu myaka nka 10 ishize kuzamura, usanga bavuga ngo hariya hahoze ibi n’ibi, bakakwereka ahari ibihuru hahindutse imidugudu y’akataraboneka yigonderwa n’abagwije ifaranga.

Icyerekana uko Umujyi wa Kigali wihuta mu iterambere, ni uburyo ushobora kuba ukorera ku Kicukiro wamara ibyumweru bitatu utagera mu Mujyi rwagati ugasanga aho wari uzi hari sitasiyo itagikora harahindutse huzuye inyubako nziza y’ubucuruzi, wamanuka hepfo kwa Ndamage ugasanga hari isoko, wakebuka kuri CHIC ukabona ikiraro cyo mu kirere kiri kubakwa. Simvuze ahandi hakomeje kuzamuka inyubako nyinshi zirimbisha umujyi.

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Twifashishije amavomo atandukanye, muri iyi nkuru turagaruka ku bintu 10 benshi batazi ku Mujyi wa Kigali, uri mu yihuta cyane mu iterambere muri Afurika, dore ko abahanga mu mibare bavuga ko wihuta ku kigero cya 4% buri mwaka, ukaba izingiro ry’ubukungu bw’u Rwanda, aho wihariye 41% by’umusaruro mbumbe w’igihugu (GDP).

Ubuso n’abaturage ba Kigali

Kwaguka kwa Kigali kugaragarira mu bwiyongere bw’abayituye ndetse n’ubuso bwayo. Mu 1909, Umujyi wa Kigali wari utuwe n’abantu 20 b’abacuruzi badandazaga hasi. Abaturage batangiye kubona ubwiza bwayo bituma mu 1962 ubwo u Rwanda rwabonaga ubwigenge yari ifite abaturage barenga 6000 batuye kuri kilometero kare eshatu gusa.

Ibarura rya gatanu ry’abaturage n’imiturire rya 2022, ryagaragaje ko Umujyi wa Kigali ari wo utuwe n’abantu bake ugereranyije n’izindi ntara z’u Rwanda, aho bangana na 1,745,555 bangana na 13.2%. Bisobanuye ko mu myaka 62 abatuye Kigali bavuye ku 6000 bagakabakaba miliyoni ebyiri.

Ibi bifite igisobanuro kuko Umujyi wa Kigali ni wo utuwemo n’abantu benshi baturutse mu zindi ntara. Muri iri barura, ni wo ufite umubare wo hejuru w’ababaruwe baravuye mu zindi ntara bangana na 354,970 mu myaka itanu yabanjirije ibarura.

Iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga

Uyu mujyi wa Kigali ufatwa nk’igicumbi cy’ubukungu n’imiyoborere kuko ibigo by’ubutegetsi hafi ya byose ariho bibarizwa. Ibi birasobanura uburyo ikoranabuhanga ari ho rikoreshwa cyane nubwo mu gihugu hose hagejejwe umuyoboro wa 4G ku kigero cya 95%.

Biragoye kuba wabona urugo rudatunze telefoni ngendanwa muri uyu mujyi. Ingo zisanzwe zitunze telefoni ngendanwa muri Kigali ni ingo 92.4%. Ni mu gihe hakurikiraho amajyaruguru afite ingo 77.6%, Iburengerazuba 77.1%, Iburasirazuba 76.1% n’Amajyepfo afite ingo 71.9%.

Ingo zisanzwe zirimo nibura umuntu umwe mu bazigize wakoresheje interineti mu mezi 12 abanziriza ibarura rya gatanu ry’abaturage, Umujyi wa Kigali uri ku isonga n’ingo 54.0%ni mu gihe mu zindi ntara ntayigeza 20%.

Umujyi wa Kigali kandi uri ku isonga muri Afurika nk’ahantu horohereza ibitekerezo mu mishinga ijyanye n’ikoranabuhanga, guhera ku kuvuka no gukura bikagera ku isoko bisubiza ibibazo igihugu gifite nk’uko biri muri raporo yiswe The Global Startup Ecosystem Report 2023.

Kigali kandi iri ku mwanya wa mbere mu mijyi yimakaza ikoranabuhanga ku rwego rwa Afurika. Uyu munsi gusaba serivisi za leta bikorerwa ku ikoranabuhanga, ingendo zishyurwa ku ikoranabuhanga, guhaha, serivisi za banki, kwivuza n’ibindi.

Amashanyarazi n’amazi meza

Hari abibwira ko abatuye mu Mujyi wa Kigali bose bakoresha amashanyarazi, ntabwo ari ukuri kuko Ingo 89.7% z’i Kigali zikoresha amashanyarazi nk’uburyo bwo kubonesha mu nzu. Bisobanuye ko hari umubare munini w’ingo zidakoresha amashanyarazi cyane cyane mu bice bitaraturwa biboneka cyane mu Karere ka Gasabo.

Iyo ugiye ku gukoresha amazi meza, usanga umubare w’ingo zikoresha amazi meza yo kunywa, Kigali iri ku isonga kuko zingana na 97.4%.

Babyara bake

Mu mujyi wa Kigali niho abashakanye babyara abana bake. Igipimo cy’uburumbuke ku bagore bafite kuva ku myaka 15 y’amavuko kugeza kuri 49 ni 3.8 mu cyaro mu gihe ari 3.2 mu mujyi. Igipimo cy’uburumbuke mu Mujyi wa Kigali ni 3.0. Ni ko gake ugereranyije n’izindi ntara z’igihugu.

Amajyaruguru igipimo cy’uburumbuke ni 3.3, Iburengerazuba ni 3.8, Amajyepfo ni 3.8, naho Iburasirazuba ni 4.0.

Imyumvire y’abatuye mu Mijyi niyo ibumbatiye kuba babyara abana bake kuko basobanukiwe n’uko kubyara benshi utabashije kurera ari bibi. Ubuzima bwo mu mujyi burahenda, amashuri n’ibindi nkenerwa, bigatuma ugiye kubyara abitekerezaho kabiri.

Mu mujyi wa Kigali niho hari abana bari mu ishuli benshi bangana na 91.5%, hakurikiraho Intara y’Amajyaruguru ifite 92.9%.

Gatanya zabaye nyinshi

Iyo ugiye mu mibare y’inkiko usanga Umujyi wa Kigali uri ku isonga mu kugira abashakanye basaba cyangwa bahabwa gatanya (Divorse). Ntabwo ari mu nkiko za leta gusa kuko no mu rukiko rwa Kiliziya Gatolika, Arkidiyosezi ya Kigali iri ku isonga mu basaba gatanya.

Zimwe mu mpamvu zitangwa ni uko abanyamujyi bashakana bataziranye, nta gihe gihagije bafashe cyo kumenyana, gukurikira indonke nk’imitungo ndetse n’uburere bwa bamwe bugorwa no kwihanganirana, kwizerana biri mu bituma ingo zo mu mijyi zisenyuka zitamaze kabiri.

Dufashe urugero nko mu 2018, gatanya zatanzwe n’inkiko zari 1311. Kicukiro yari ifite nyinshi zingana na 210, Gasabo ni 190 naho Nyarugenge ziba 157. Mu 2019, imiryango 8941 mu Rwanda yemerewe n’inkiko gutandukana.

Muri raporo ya NISR yiswe ‘Rwanda Vital Statistics Report 2019’ hagaragajwe ko muri gatanya zatanzwe n’inkiko zo mu Rwanda mu mwaka ushize, mu Mujyi wa Kigali hatanzwe gatanya 2400, mu Majyepfo hatangwa gatanya 1989, mu Burengerazuba hatanzwe gatanya 1820, mu Burasirazuba hatanzwe 1482 naho mu Majyaruguru hatangwa gatanya 1250.

Imiyoborere myiza

Umujyi wa Kigali uri kuyoborwa na Meya Dusengiyumva Samuel. Ibyavuye mu igenzura ryakozwe ku mijyi yimakaza ikoranabuhanga muri Afurika (Smart cities index) byatangajwe muri Nzeri umwaka ushize, umujyi wa Kigali wagiye uhiga iyindi mu byiciro bitandukanye.

Mu bijyanye n’imiyoborere myiza Umujyi wa Kigali wahize indi ukurikirwa na Nairobi, Capetown, Rabat (Maroc) na Tunis mu gihe ku birebana n’imibereho myiza Umurwa Mukuru w’u Rwanda waje ku mwanya wa kabiri nyuma ya Tunis ukurikirwa na Capetown, Port Louis (Ibirwa bya Maurice) na Gaborone yo muri Botswana.

Mu kubungabunga ibidukikije aho Umujyi wa Kigali waje ku mwanya wa gatatu inyuma ya Port Louis, Cape Town, ukurikirwa naTunis na Accra. Mu mijyi yimakaje iterambere ry’ubukungu no guhanga udushya ntabwo Umujyi wa Kigali uza muri itanu ya mbere ahubwo iyobowe n’uwa Nairobi, Johannesburg, Accra, Lagos na Tunis.

Igicumbi cy’ubutegetsi n’ubukungu

Minisiteri zose zibarizwa mu Mujyi wa Kigali, kimwe n’uko ibiro bya Perezida wa Repubulika n’iby’abagize Inteko Ishinga Amategeko ariho biherereye.

Umujyi wa Kigali kandi ni igicumbi cya serivisi z’ubuvuzi kuko niho hari ibitaro bitanga serivisi za nyuma z’ubuvuzi nk’ibyitiriwe Umwami Faisal, CHUK, Ibitaro bya Kanombe. Hari kandi icyanya cyahariwe inganda kirimo izikomeye mu gihugu hafi ya zose.

Amabanki akomeye yose afite ibyicaro mu Mujyi wa Kigali n’amashami mu ntara, niho hari Banki Nkuru y’Igihugu. Ubucuruzi bukomeye bwose niho bubarizwa ku buryo n’umucuruzi wo mu ntara ugwije ifaranga ahita yimukira mu murwa mukuru.

Umuhanda wa mbere

Uyu munsi iyo utembereye Kigali usanga ahenshi harageze imihanda ya kaburimbo atari iya rusange gusa ahubwo n’iyijya aho abantu batuye. Kuri ubu abaturage bashobora no gukusanya inkunga bakiyubakira kaburimbo bagaca ukubiri n’ivumbi.

Hari benshi bagira amatsiko bakibaza umuhanda wa mbere wabanjirije iyindi babona muri Kigali.

Amateka yerekana ko Umuhanda wa mbere wubatswe muri Kigali ni uwavaga ahitwaga Etat Major (Usohoka Camp Kigali ukanyura imbere ya Serena Hotel ugakomeza Soras ukarangirira kuri Rond Point y’imbere ya BCR ubu ni I&M Bank, hafi y’ahahoze Perezidansi ya kera.)

Kigali mu mateka

Kuva intambara ya mbere y’Isi irangiye, mu mwaka wa 1890 kugeza 1916, Kigali yabaye Umujyi w’Abadage muri Afurika y’Iburasirazuba yose. Yatangiye kuyoborwa n’Ababiligi mu mwaka wa 1919 kugeza mu 1962.

Umujyi wa Kigali washinzwe n’umunyabugenge akaba n’umuvumbuzi w’umunya-Pologne Richard Kandt mu 1907. Ni wo Murwa Mukuru w’u Rwanda kuva mu 1962 ubwo rwabonaga ubwigenge rwigobotoye ubukoloni bw’Ababiligi.

Mbere y’icyo gihe, mu Rukari i Nyanza aho Umwami Mutara wa III Rudahigwa yari atuye ni ho hafatwaga nk’Umurwa Mukuru mbere y’uko u Rwanda rubona ubwigenge.

Kigali yatoranyirijwe kuba Umurwa Mukuru hashingiwe ko ari agace kari hagati na hagati mu gihugu.

Iri zina ry’umurwa mukuru w’u Rwanda rikaba rikomoka ku musozi wa Kigali uzwi nka “Mont Kigali”hagati y’ikinyejana cya 14 na 15 ku ngoma y’umwami Kigeli Mukobanya.

Indashyikirwa mu kurengera ibidukikije

Umujyi wa Kigali uri mu yirengera ibidukikije cyane. Iyo utembera uyu mujyi ubona uburyo ibiti bikikije imihanda byitabwaho, isuku, imikindo, indabo n’ibindi. Imyubakire muri uyu mujyi igomba kuba irengera ibidukikije.

Mu 2022, Umujyi wa Kigali wahawe icyemezo cy’ishimwe nk’umujyi wafashe ingamba zikomeye zigamije kubungabunga ibishanga, kizwi nka Wetland City Accreditation.

Umujyi wa Kigali ni umwe mu yatangije gahunda idasanzwe yo kubungabunga ibishanga. Nk’igishanga cya Nyandungu cyaratunganyijwe kigirwa pariki ibungabunga ibidukikije, igishanga cya Nyarutarama cyaratunganyijwe gikorwamo ikibuga cya Golf kigezweho n’ubusitani mu gihe icya Gikondo na cyo kiri gutunganywa.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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