Umushinga w’itegeko rigenga umuryango uri kugibwa ho impaka mu nteko ishingamategeko ugaragara mo impinduka nyinshi kandi zijyanye n’imitekerereze ishingiye aho isi igeze. Muri uyu mushinga impinduka 12 zigaragara mu bijyanye n’imicungire y’umutungo w’urugo ndetse n’uburyo usaranganwa mu gihe habaye ho gutandukana kw’abashakanye.
Muri uyu mushinga hari aho bigaragara ko mu gihe cya gatanya abashakanye basezeranye ivangamutungo bashobora kuzajya bagabana ariko bigakorwa mu buryo butangana; bitewe n’impamvu zizajya zemezwa n’urukiko. Ibi bikareba imiryango isabye gatanya itaramarana imyaka nibura 5. Hari abafashe iyi ngingo nk’uburyo bwo guharura inzira iganisha mu gusezerana by’igerageza cyangwa se gusezerana by’igihe gito ibizwi nka Marriage de fait cyangwa se Marriage d’essai isanzwe imenyerewe mu bihugu byiganje mo iby’I burayi.
Muri ubu buryo bwa Marriage d’essai abasezeranye bo ubwabo bahita mo igihe runaka bazamarana kikagenda cyongerwa bitewe n’uburyo babona babanye muri icyo gihe bari barihaye. Aba igihe bihaye gishobora gushira bagatandukana cyangwa se bakacyongera.
Ubundi se abasezerana umutungo bavanga/ bavangura ni uwuhe?
Hari ubwo umuntu ajya mu rubanza ukumva mu myirondoro y’umuntu bavuga ngo ni …. Mwene …. Na …. Wavutse …. …., “Udafite ikintu na kimwe atunze”. Nyamara nyuma y’iminsi runaka ukumva wa muntu ngo asezeranye ivangamutungo.
Umutungo ni umwe mu mizi y’amakimbirane yo mu muryango. Aha usanga bamwe mu bagabo bakunze kugaragaza ko abagore babasanga hari aho bari bageze biyubaka ngo bakaza bitwaje ibikoresho byo mu nzu “nabyo bihenze” abagabo benshi badaha agaciro. Hari kandi n’abo usanga barahuye bombi ntacyo bafite bagafatanya kubishaka; haba inzu bagomba gutura mo, … cyane cyane ko n’iminani ababyeyi batagitegetswe kuyitanga.
Muri iyi minsi rero hari aho usanga umusore cyangwa se inkumi ishyize imbere umutungo ndetse akaba yanakwiyemeza gushyingiranwa n’uwo adakunda gusa kubera umutungo amukurikiranye ho. Mu myaka yo hambere ibi byakorwaga n’imiryango, aho wasangaga ababyeyi baharanira gushyingira mu muryango ukize mbese kugira bamwana bihagaze ho. Uyu munsi aho bitandukaniye umwana w’umukobwa abara amazu umugabo atunze akodeshwa, akabara amasambu akabara imodoka, akabara inzu z’ubucuruzi …. Agashyira mu mibare agasanga nibamarana umwaka cyangwa se amezi basezeranye; azahita amunanira maze basaba gatanya akamusigira ½ cyabyo.
Aha rero niho abasesenguzi bahera bemeza ko hagakwiriye kuba ho igenagaciro ry’umutungo w’abagiye gusezerana mbere y’uko isezerano rikorwa. Hakamenyekana ngo umugabo yashatse umugore yari asanzwe atunze icyi? Hanyuma umugore we yashatse umugabo yari asanzwe atunze icyi? Ibi bizatuma haba ho kureba ngo noneho nyuma yo kubana kwabo bongeye icyi mu mutungo wabo ? muri rya gabana ritazaringaniza “niba amavugurura mu itegeko yemejwe” agaciro k’umutungo fatizo kazagenderwa ho.
Imibare itangwa n’inkiko igaragaza ko mu mwaka wa 2016 ingo 21 zasabye guhabwa gatanya, mu 2017 ingo zsabye gatanya zari 69, mu mwaka wa 2018 umubare w’ingo zasabye gatanya mu nkiko wageze ku 1,311. Mu 2019 imibare y;ingozasabye gatanya yari 8,941, mu 2020 gatanya zsabwe zari 3,213 mu gihe mu mwaka wa 2021-2022 ingo zasabye gatanya zari 3,322. Itegeko ryateganyaga igihe cy’amezi 3 cyo kugerageza kunga umuryango ushaka gatanya. Ni ubwiyunge bugaragara nk’ubudahira benshi kuko nk’urukikorw’ibanze rwa Kicukiro rugaragaza ko mu miryango 27 yarugannye ishaka gatanya 2 yonyine ari yo yabashije kugera ku bwiyunge muri kiriya gihe cy’amezi 3.
Umuryango nyarwanda nturabasha kwakira isezerano ritari ivangamutungo
Amategeko agenga abashakanye mu Rwanda ateganya uburyo butatu abashakanye basezerana imicungire y’umutungo w’urugo: Ivangamutungo, ivangamutungo muhahano ndetse n’ivanguramutungo risesuye. Bisa n’aho umuryango nyarwanda utarabasha kwakira ubundi buryo bwo gusezerana butari ubwa mbere ari bwo “Ivangamutungo”. Baba ababyeyi b’abageni baba n’abageni ubwabo benshi bumva ko icyemeza ko abagiye gushakana bakundana bya nyabyo ari uko bavanga byose. Umunyarwanda ntabura kuvuga ati “Ubwo se umuntu twavanze amaraso twananirwa kuvanga amafaranga?”
Ibi ubwabyo bitera ibibazo bikomeye mu gihe abashakanye batabashije kurambana bagasaba ko batandukanwa. Iyi ngingo yo ntikiri ubwiru kuko imibare igaragaza ko gatanya mu Rwanda ziyongera umwaka ku wundi. Uburyo bwo kugabana umutungo mu gihe abasezeranye bavanze umutungo bwari buteganijwe mu tegeko riri kuvugururwa bwateganyaga ko aba bagomba kugabana umwe ahabwa 50% undi 50%.
