Mu myaka 10 ishize, umubano w’ibihugu by’u Rwanda na Afurika y’Epfo wagiye ugira ibihe bitandukanye bimwe bikagenda, ubundi bikagenda buhoro mu makorosi ubundi ndetse bigasa n’ibifashe feri yo guhagarara umwanya wakwita muto cyangwa se munini bitewe n’imboni y’ureba.
MAKURUKI.RW yahisemo kubafasha gusubiza amaso inyuma tukarebera hamwe amakorosi 7 atazibagirana yatumye imibanire y’u Rwanda na Afurika y’Epfo igenda igabanya umuvuduko, ariko kandi tukareba n’ahari heza umubano wagenze neza.
1. KWIBASIRA ABANYARWANDA BARI MURI AFURIKA Y’EPFO
Nyuma y’ubutegetsi bwa Perezida Mbeki wari inshuti y’u Rwanda cyane, ku butegetsi bw’uwamusimbuye witwa Kgalema Motlanthe mu myaka ya 2008-2009, umubare w’Abanyarwanda bagiye muri Afurika y’Epfo wari umaze kuba munini kuko n’abigaga muri Kaminuza bishyuraga amafaranga angana n’ay’abenegihugu ba Afurika y’Epfo. Abari baratangiye rero gushinga ibikorwa by’ubucuruzi bakorewe urugomo n’abenegihugu ba Afurika y’Epfo ndetse bamwe banahasiga ubuzima.
Si Abanyarwanda gusa ariko bibasiwe kuko urwango Abanyafurikayepfo banga abanyamahanga rwari rusange. Bavugaga ko abanyamahanga baje mu gihugu cyabo ngo bakabatwara imirimo.
Icyo gihe Umunyarwanda wari muri Afurika y’Epfo yaratashye, utarashoboye gutaha yarihishe, ndetse biranashoboka ko hari abaguye muri ibi bikorwa.
2. URUPFU RWA Patrick KAREGEYA
Uyu wahoze akuriye ubutasi bw’u Rwanda, nyuma yo kutumvikana n’ubutegetsi bwa Kigali yahunze igihugu mu 2007 nyuma yo kwamburwa impeta za gisirikare ahamijwe ibyaha birimo gutoroka igisirikare n’ubugambanyi.
Karegeya wari umaze kugira imyaka 53 y’ubukure, umurambo we wasanzwe muri Michelangelo Towers Hotel taliki ya 1/01/2014. Igipolisi cya Afurika y’Epfo cyatangaje ko Karegeya yishwe anizwe. Kuba Patrick Karegeya yari umwe mu b’imbere mu ishyaka rya RNC rirwanya ubutegetsi bw’u Rwanda byatumye urupfu rwe rushinjwa Leta y’u Rwanda.
Kuri iyi ngingo, Perezida Kagame avuga ko u Rwanda rwanasabye Afurika y’Epfo ko hakorwa iperereza ku rupfu rwa Karegeya. Mu minsi ya mbere Afurika yarabyemeye ndetse igaragaza ubushake ariko ntawe uzi aho iri perereza ryaheze. Akemeza ko urupfu rwa Karegeya rudakwiriye gushyirwa ku Rwanda mu gihe nta perereza ryabyemeje.
3. IRASWA RYA KAYUMBA NYAMWASA NO KUBA INDIRI YA RNC
Uyu wigeze kuba umugaba mukuru w’ingabo z’u Rwanda, wanahagarariye u Rwanda mu Buhinde, na we nyuma yo kutavuga rumwe na Leta y’u Rwanda yahungiye muri Afurika y’Epfo. Yarashwe inshuro 2: Iya mbere ni mu 2010, iya kabiri ni mu kwa gatatu 2014.
Mu mwaka wa 2010 abantu 6 bashinjwe kugira uruhare mu kugerageza kwica Kayumba Nyamwasa banaburanishwa mu nkiko zo muri Afurika y’Epfo. Abandi bantu 4 na bo bahamijwe icyaha cyo kugerageza kwica Kayumba Nyamwasa mu mwaka wa 2014.
Abatavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi bw’u Rwanda bibumbiye mu ishyaka rya RNC bakomeje gushinja u Rwanda kwica abayobozi babo muri Afurika y’Epfo. Bakavuga mo Casmir Nkurunziza wahoze mu barinda umutekano wa Perezida Kagame wiciwe Cape town mu 2019 na Abdallah Seif Bamporiki wari ukuriye RNC nawe wishwe arashwe muri Afurika y’Epfo mu 2021.
Kuri Perezida Kagame ariko, ntibyumvikana uburyo abarwanya ubutegetsi bw’u Rwanda bava amahanga yose bagahurira muri Afurika y’Epfo. Agira ati “Hari abiyita ko ari impirimbanyi barimo n’abasize bakoze jenoside mu Rwanda bashaka kugaragaza u Rwanda nk’ahantu hadaturwa, ngo ni yo mpamvu batahaba bose bimukira muri Afurika y’Epfo, bivuze ko hari urubuga rwiza rwo kuba bakoreramo ibikorwa byabo. Kandi bimaze igihe.”
4. GUHAMAGAZA BA AMBASADERI NO KWIRUKANA ABADIPLOMATE
Mu mwaka wa 2014, nyuma y’urupfu rwa Patrick Karegeya, Afurika y’Epfo yirukanye abadipolomate 3 b’u Rwanda, u Rwanda narwo rwirukana abadiplomate 6 ba Afurika y’Epfo.
Mu mwaka wa 2018 Afurika y’Epfo yahamagaje George Nkosinathi Twala, ambasaderi wayo mu Rwanda, ngo bajye inama, ndetse ihamagaza na Vincent Karega wari ambasaderi w’u Rwanda muri Afurika y’Epfo.
Nyuma y’iri hamagazwa, itangazo rya Minisiteri y’Ububanyi n’Amahanga y’u Rwanda ryasohotse rivuga ko u Rwanda “rwanze ihamagazwa rya hato na hato” ry’ambasaderi warwo muri Afurika y’Epfo “ku mpamvu rutazi, zirimo n’inkuru z’ibinyamakuru bitazwi”.
Iri tangazo ryongeraho ko gusubukura umubano hagati y’ibihugu byombi “bidashobora gushingirwa ku biganiro byifuzwa” n’abo mu mitwe u Rwanda ruvuga ko igamije guhungabanya umutekano kandi ruvuga ko igizwe n'”abanyabyaha” iyobowe n’abahamijwe ibyaha n’inkiko cyangwa bashakishwa.
5. UBUSHYAMIRANE BWA BA MINISITIRI B’UBUBANYI N’AMAHANGA
Mu mwaka wa 2018, irindi korosi ryavutse mu rugendo rw’umibano wa Afurika y’Epfo n’u Rwanda riturutse kuri Minisitiri w’Ububanyi n’Amahanga wa Afurika y’Epfo, Lindiwe Sisulu. Yemereye mu kiganiro n’abanyamakuru ko yabonanye na Kayumba Nyamwasa, utavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi bw’u Rwanda.
Iyo nama ya Kayumba na Minisitiri Sisulu yarakaje u Rwanda, bituma Olivier Nduhungirehe, Umunyamabanga wa leta muri Minisiteri y’Ububanyi n’Amahanga yandika ku rubuga nkoranyambaga rwa Twitter amagambo yababaje Afurika y’Epfo.
Uretse ibyanditswe na Minisitiri Nduhungirehe kandi, Abanyafurika y’Epfo bababajwe cyane n’amagambo bivugwa ko yanditswe n’ibinyamakuru byo mu Rwanda byise uyu Minisitiri Sisulu “indaya”.
Nyuma y’imyaka 2 bibaye, Amb. Olivier Nduhungirehe yaje gukurwa ku mwanya w’ Umunyabanga wa Leta muri Minisiteri y’Ububanyi n’Amahanga ashinjwa gushyira imbere imyumvire ye aho gushingira kuri politiki za Leta mu murimo yari ashinzwe. Minisitiri Lindiwe Sisulu na we yahise asimbuzwa uwitwa Naledi Pandor.
6. GUHAGARIKA ITANGWA RYA VISA KU BANYARWANDA BAJYA MURI AFURIKA Y’EPFO.
Muri Werurwe 2014 nibwo Afurika yEpfo yahagaritse byagateganyo Viza zahabwaga Abanyarwanda berekeza muri icyo gihugu bakoresheje pasiporo zisanzwe.
Icyo gihe u Rwanda rwashinjaga Afurika yEpfo gucumbikira abari inyuma yibikorwa byo gutera ibisasu mu Rwanda bigahitana inzirakarengane, Afurika yEpfo yo ikavuga ko yirukanye Abadipolomate bu Rwanda ibashinja kuba inyuma yigitero cyabantu bitwaje intwaro bigeze gutera mu rugo rwa Kayumba Nyamwasa wahungiye muri icyo gihugu.
Naledi Pandor yabaye Minisitiri wUbubanyi nAmahanga wa Afurika yEpfo mu 2019 Asimbuye Susulu Yasanze hashize igihe kinini Afurika y’Epfo ihagaritse gutanga Visa ku Banyarwanda. Muri iki gihe ntibari bemerewe gukorera ingendo muri Afurika yEpfo.
Kuri iki kibazo hashyizweho itsinda rihuriweho nintumwa z’ibihugu byombi rigamije gushaka umuti wikibazo cya Viza.
Muri Kamena 2021, Minisitiri wUbubanyi nAmahanga nUbutwererane, Dr Biruta Vincent, yagiriye uruzinduko rwakazi muri Afurika yEpfo abonana na mugenzi we, ndetse banaganira kuri iki kibazo n’ubu kitarabonerwa igisubizo.
Hari nyuma yuko Perezida Kagame na Cyril Ramaphosa wa Afurika yEpfo bahuriye i Paris mu Bufaransa ku wa 18 Gicurasi 2021, ubwo bari bitabiriye Ihuriro ryiga ku Iterambere ryUbukungu bwa Afurika bakagirana ibiganiro.
7. IYUMVIRIZWA RYA TELEFONE YA PEREZIDA RAMAPHOSA
Ku wa 19 Nyakanga ubwo u Rwanda rwari ruhugiye mu gutegura Inama ya CHOGM, inkuba yakubise i Kigali. Raporo yashyizwe hanze n’umuryango uvuga ko uharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu wa Amnesty International, yashyize u Rwanda ku rutonde rw’ibihugu bikoresha programu y’ubutasi yitwa Pegasus.
Iyi Programu ikorerwa muri Isiraheli ngo ikoreshwa mu butasi humvirizwa ibiganiro byo ku matelefone.
Amnesty international yavuze ko u Rwanda rukoresha iyi programu mu kumviriza telefone y’abantu barenga 3,500. Muri izi telefone byavuzwe ko zumvirijwe harimo n’iya Perezida wa Afurika y’Epfo, Cyiril Ramaphosa. Bimwe mu binyamakuru mpuzamahanga byahaye umwanya bamwe mu bayobozi b’Afurika y’Epfo bamagana u Rwanda, gusa aba bose ntawemezaga ko ibivugwa abifitiye ibihamya.
Mu kiganiro yahaye itangazamakuru, Perezida Kagame yahakanye ko u Rwanda rutigeze rukoresha na rimwe iyi porogaramu y’ubutasi. Akemeza ko n’abahimbye icyo kinyoma bahisemo amazina bashyira ku rutonde rw’abumvirijwe kugira gusa ngo bateze umwiryane. Kuri Perezida wa Afurika y’Epfo ho, Perezida Kagame yavuze ko umubano w’u Rwanda na Afurika y’Epfo wari utangiye kugenda neza ngo ntibyombaga kunezeza bose.
Yagize ati “Abatarabyishimiye rero bagombaga gusimbukira ku kinyoma nk’icyo cyaremwe ku bw’impamvu zimwe cyangwa izindi bashyiramo u Rwanda na Afurika y’Epfo kugira ngo umubano wari utangiye kuba mwiza uhagarare”.
Hari amakuru yakwirakwiriye agaragaza ko iyi ari yo mpamvu yatumye Perezida Ramaphosa atanitabira inama ya CHOGM yabereye i Kigali muri Kamena 2022. Gusa Perezidansi ya Afurika y’Epfo yo yatangaje ko byatewe n’uko mu mataliki iyi nama yabereyeho ngo Perezida Ramaphosa yari afitemo izindi gahunda z’akazi nyinshi.
N’ubwo ibi byose byatambutse ariko, yaba Afurika y’Epfo ndetse n’u Rwanda, ibihugu byombi bigaragaza inyota yo kubana neza. Ntibyabujije kandi amasosiyete akomeya ko muri Afurika y’Epfo nka MTN na PPC gushora imari mu Rwanda.
Iminsi 2 nyuma y’ibiganiro na Perezida Kagame i Kigali, taliki ya 10/04/2024 Perezida Ramaphosa yakiriye Ambasaderi w’u Rwanda muri Afurika y’Epfo, Emmanuel Hategeka wari uvuye i Dubai mu Barabu.
Amb. Hategeka ni umwe muri ba Ambasaderi b’u Rwanda bakunze gushyira imbere cyane ubucuruzi hagati y’u Rwanda n’ibihugu bakoreramo. Ategerejwe n’akazi katoroshye karimo kongera gushakira Abanyarwanda uburyo bwo kubona Visa zijya muri Afurika y’Epfo. Ambasaderi Hategeka afite ubunararibonye mu ishoramari kuko yanabaye Umuyobozi wungirije muri RDB, gusa ni izina ritakunze kumvikana mu ishyamirana rya Leta y’u Rwanda n’abayirwanya n’ubu bakiganje muri Afurika y’Epfo.
