Ubuhinzi ni umwe mu myuga ikorwa na benshi mu Rwanda ariko umusaruro wabwo ugakomeza kuba muke ahanini bitewe n’ubumenyi bw’ababukora, n’uburyo babukora bigatuma ibiciro by’ibiribwa bizamuka ku isoko.
Imibare y’Ishami rya Loni rishinzwe ibiribwa n’ubuhinzi, FAO, igaragaza ko kugira ngo abazaba batuye Isi mu 2050 batazahura n’ikibazo cy’inzara, nibura umusaruro ukomoka mu buhinzi, ugomba kuzaba wariyongereyeho 70% ugereranyije n’uwabonekaga mu 2009.
U Rwanda rwihaye intego y’uko bitarenze mu 2030, Abanyarwanda bose bazaba bihagije mu biribwa binyuze mu kongera ubuso bw’ubutaka buhingwa bukava kuri hegitari ibihumbi 635 bwariho mu 2017, bukagera ku bihumbi 980 mu 2024.
Ibi kandi bikajyana n’ikoreshwa ry’ikoranabuhanga mu rwego rw’ubuhinzi aho ryitezwe kuva kuri 25% rikazagera kuri 50%.
Ibarura Rusange ry’Abaturage n’Imiturire ryakozwe mu 2022 ryagaragaje ko ingo zikora imirimo y’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi zigera kuri miliyoni 1,4. Izikora ubuhinzi bwonyine zirenga gato ibihumbi 600.
Muri iyi nkuru, tugiye kugaruka kuri bimwe mu byakorwa kugira ngo intego u Rwanda rwihaye mu buhinzi zigerweho neza.
- Kongera ba ‘Agronome’
Abaturage hirya no hino baracyataka ubumenyi buke mu guhinga binagaragarira ku kigero kiri hejuru cy’abagihinga mu buryo bwa gakondo nta nyongeramusaruro n’abazikoresheje bakabikora nabi.
Abiga ubuhinzi nabo bashinjwa ko iyo basoje amasomo badashyira mu bikorwa ibyo bize, abaturage bakabura abo bareberaho.
Kuba Umurenge ugenerwa umukozi umwe ushinzwe ubuhinzi, bituma agorwa no kugera ku baturage benshi. Ni ikibazo cyanagaragajwe n’Umuryango Transparency International Rwanda mu 2021.
- Imbuto zitajyanye n’ikirere cy’u Rwanda
Abaturage bakunze kugaragaza ko hari imbuto bahabwa ntizitange umusaruro. Izibandwaho cyane ni imyumbati, ibigori na soya. Ibi byiyongeraho ko hari izigihenze.
Dr Rusa, impuguke ku buhinzi yigeze kuvuga ko ahanini biterwa n’uko izi mbuto zikurwa mu bihugu bifite ikirere gitandukanye n’icy’u Rwanda. Gusa hari n’abavuga ko no kutagira ubumenyi buhagije bwo kwita kuri izo mbuto nabyo byaba imbarutso kudatanga umusaruro ziba zitezweho.
Minisiteri y’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi igaragaza ko ubuhinzi bukorwa mu Rwanda bukiri ubwo mu cyiciro cy’ubuciriritse, aho ababukora batayoboka ikoranabuhanga, ntibanakoreshe imbuto z’indobanure n’inyongeramusaruro.
- Gukora ifumbire y’imborera ntibyitabwaho
Abahinzi hirya no hino bashishikarizwa gufumbiza amafumbire mvaruganda zitumizwa mu mahanga zose (mbere y’uko uruganda ruyikora mu Bugesera rwuzura). Nubwo leta ishyiramo nkunganire, iyi fumbire iranga igahenda.
Ibi bituma abenshi bayireka bagahingira aho. Hari kandi n’igice kinini cy’abaturage bagifite imyumvire ko ifumbire mvaruganda yangiza ubutaka bagatera imyaka nta fumbire.
Abahanga mu buhinzi bavuga ko igisubizo kuri iyi ngingo cyaba gutoza abaturage kwikorera ifumbire buryo bwo kuboza ibyatsi. Ibi byaba igisubizo kirambye kuruta kubatoza gufumbiza ifumbire mvaruganda zibahenda ndetse bamwe muri bo bakanazitinya.
- Urubyiruko ntirukozwa ubuhinzi
Urubyiruko cyane cyane urwize rushinjwa gutera umugongo ubuhinzi bamwe babyita gusubira ku isuka, ahanini biterwa n’imyumvire y’uko rudafata ubuhinzi nk’umurimo watanga imibereho myiza. Urubyiruko rurashaka gutegereza akazi ko mu biro gusa.
Ubwo yitabiraga Inama Mpuzamahanga yiga ku Iterambere ry’Ubuhinzi muri Afurika (African Green Revolution Forum) mu 2020, Perezida wa Repubulika, Paul Kagame, yasabye urubyiruko rw’uyu Mugabane kugira uruhare mu buhinzi bugezweho kugira ngo uzagere ku ntego yo kwihaza mu biribwa.
Yagize ati “Urubyiruko rukwiriye kuba rwibaza kuri ibi bibazo: Ese bo ubwabo barashaka ko ahazaza ibiribwa muri sosiyete babamo biba bimeze bite? Ese uruhare rwabo ni uruhe mu gufasha Abanyafurika kugera aho bashaka kugera. Ni ibyo nifuza ku rubyiruko ariko tugomba gukorera hamwe baba abato n’abakuru ngo tuhagere.”
