Umwaka wa 2024 mu Rwanda ni umwaka w’amatora. Hazatorwa abagize inteko ishingamategeko ndetse na Perezida wa Repubulika. Muri aya matora imwe mu mitwe ya Politiki yemewe mu Rwanda yamaze gutangaza ko izashyigikira Paul Kagame natangwa nk’umukandida w’umuryango wa FPR Inkotanyi ku mwanya wa Perezida wa Repubulika.
Hari imitwe ya Politiki yatangaje ko iri inyuma ye na mbere y’uko ishyaka rye rya FPR Inkotanyi rimutangaza. Ubu ryamaze kumwemeza ndetse nawe yarabyemeye hategerejwe gusa amataliki nyirizina ukwiyamamaza kugatangira abanyarwanda bakihitira mo.
Si kenshi usanga abanyarwanda babiri cyangwa batatu bicaye baganira kuri Politiki y’igihugu. Abenshi bigengesera banga ko hari uwo batumva ibintu kimwe wabitwara ho umwikomo. Bacye baganira ku ngingo zimwe na zimwe za politiki kandi igamije kubaka Igihugu usanga bagaruka ku muco umaze gukura w’ubufatanye bw’imitwe ya Politiki. Bamwe bakemeza ko ari ubugwari ku mitwe ya politiki idahatana ubwayo ngo iharanire kugera ku butegetsi, abandi bakemeza ko ubu bufatanye ari bwo bwubatse imiyoborere itajegajega y’u Rwanda.
Inkomoko yabwo:
Nyuma y’ihagarikwa rya Jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu 1994 FPR Inkotanyi yagiye ku butegetsi. Taliki 04 Nyakanga 1994 habaye inama yahuje FPR Inkotanyi n’indi mitwe ya Politiki.
Taliki 14 kugeza 18 Nyakanga 1994 habaye inama yibazaga ngo Leta y’ubumwe bw’abanyarwanda noneho irashingira ku cyi? Muri izi nama z’uruhererekane havuye mo Guverinoma ihuriwe ho na FPR Inkotanyi ndetse n’andi mashyaka atari yarijanditse muri jenoside yakorewe abatutsi. 19 Nyakanga 1994 guverinoma irarahira.
Ubu bufatanye bwaje gushimangirwa mu mwaka wa 1997 – 1998 abanyepolitiki bari ho icyo gihe iyo muganira bavuga ko batazibagirwa “inama zo mu rugwiro“ ngo zabaga buri wa gatandatu. Aha benshi bakemeza ko ari ho hari umuzi nyirizina w’umufatanye bw’imitwe ya politiki yemewe mu Rwanda igahana ibitekerezo byose bigamije kujyana igihugu ahabereye abanyarwanda.
Uko ubufatanye bugenda bukura
Pasteur Bizimungu yayoboye u Rwanda bitanyuze mu matora kuva mu 1994 kugeza mu 2000, ubwo yeguraga kuri uwo mwanya igihugu gisigaranwa n’uwari Visi Perezida, Paul Kagame, wayoboye inzibacyuho kugeza mu 2003 ubwo hakorwaga amatora y’Umukuru w’Igihugu.
Amatora yabaye tariki ya 25 Kanama 2003, harimo abakandinda bane; Paul Kagame (ishyaka FPR), Faustin Twagiramungu , Jean Népomuscène Nayinzira na Alivera Mukabaramba. Abanyarwanda batoraga bari hafi miliyoni enye, Paul Kagame yagize amajwi 3 544 777 angana na 95.1%. Faustin Twagiramungu yagize amajwi 134 865 angana na 3.6%. Jean-Nepomuscene Nayinzira yagize amajwi 49 634 angana na 1.3%. Alvera Mukabaramba yivanye mu matora mbere y’umunsi umwe ngo abe , asaba abari ku mutora gutora Paul Kagame.
Uku kwivana mu matora kwa Alivera Mukabaramba hari ababifashe nk’uburyo bwo kwisabira umwanya mu gihe yabonaga neza ko ishyaka yari ahagarariye rya PPC ritashoboraga gutsinda FPR Inkotanyi.
Mu matora ya 2010 bwo habaye ho umubare wigiye hejuru w’amashyaka yahataniye intebe y’umukuru w’igihugu. Dr Ntawukuliryayo wari watanzwe na PSD muri ayo matora yashoboye kubona amajwi angana na 5.15% by’amajwi y’abatoye bose. Prosper Higiro, wari Senateri akaba Visi Perezida wa PL, we yabonye 1.3% naho Dr Alivera Mukabaramba wa PPC abona 0,40%. Paul Kagame, umukandida wa FPR Inkotanyi ni we wegukanya intsinzi ku nshuro ya kabiri n’amajwi 93%.
Aha FPR Inkotanyi yari kumwe n’indi mitwe ya Politiki kandi nayo irambye muri Politiki y’u Rwanda ndetse ifite abayoboke batari bacye. Gusa umukandida wayo atsinda ku gipimo kiri hejuru ya 90%. Ibi bisa n’ibyaciye intege iyi mitwe ya Politiki yahatanye muri 2010 kuko bigeze mu 2017 itakomeje guhatana.
Amatora yo guhitamo umukuru w’igihugu yabaye 3 – 4 Kanama 2017 aya mashyaka ya PL, PSD na PPC nayo yinjiye muri bwa bufatanye busanzwe mo indi mitwe ya Politiki. Havuka irindi shyaka rivuga ko ritavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi rya (Democratic Green Party of Rwanda) iri risigara ari ryo ryiyemeje guhangana na Paul Kagame wari washyigikiwe n’andi mashyaka yose asigaye. Perezida kagame yatowe n’abanyarwanda 6 675 472 bangana na 98.8%. Mpayimana Philippe wari umukandida wigenga yatowe na 49 031 bangana na 0.73% naho Habineza Frank wari uhagarariye Democratic Green Party of Rwanda yatowe na 32 701 bangana na 0.48%.
Iyi shusho y’uburyo ukwifatanya kw’imitwe ya Politiki kugenda gukura mu Rwanda igaragaza neza ko ibyaganiriwe mu 1997 -1998 mu nama zo mu rugwiro ari byo iteka bigenda byubakirwa ho mu gufata imyanzuro kw’imitwe ya politiki.
Abasesengura ibya Politiki nyarwanda bakunda kwibaza ngo ese imitwe ya Politiki 11 yemewe mu Rwanda izakura gute ngo ibashe guhatanira ubutegetsi yose? Hakaba ababihuza na Demokarasi bakabishingira ho bemeza ko Demokarasi y’u Rwanda itaragera ku rwego rwo kwishimira ngo kuko hayobora ishyaka rimwe andi akarishyigikirira.
Ibi si ugutsindwa muri Demokarasi?
Demokarasi hari abayumva nabi bibwira ko uko ingingo izi n’izi zikorwa mu gihugu runaka ari nako zigomba gukorwa ahandi. Sibyo. Mu isesengura rya Makuruki.rw Demokarasi tuyifate nk’ishati. Ibihugu tubifate nk’ibigomba kwambara iyo shati. Uko ibihugu bitanganya ibitugu, ni nako bitazambara ishati zimwe. Ibi bitugu by’ibihugu turabirebera mu ndorerwamo y’ubukungu bwabyo, amateka yabyo, ubumenyi n’urwego rw’uburezi abaturage nabyo bafite, urwego rw’imyumvire y’abaturage, … Ibi rero nibyo bigena ngo igihugu A kirambara ishati ingana gute? hanyuma igihugu B cyambare ishati igana gute?
Hari ibihugu byakwambara Demokarasi nyarwanda ishati yabyo igaturika, hari n’ibyayambara ikabibana ikanzu. U Rwanda narwo hari Demokarasi rwakwambara igacika kubera ibitugu byarwo ariko hari n’iyo rwakwambara ikatubana ikanzu. Ibi bituma rero Demokarasi abenegihugu bahise mo kwambara ari yo ibabereye, iteka itsinda. Bayambara bakaberwa kabone n’iyo ibara ryayo ryaba ritaryoheye amaso y’abayirebera ku ruhande.
Twitege icyi mu matora ya 2024?
Nta gushidikanya ko imitwe ya Politiki 10 muri 11 yemewe mu Rwanda izashyigikira umukandida Perezida Paul Kagame. Hari iyamaze kubitangaza hari n’itarabitangaza ariko usesengura ugasanga itazadutungura.
Ishyaka riharanira Demokarasi no kurengera ibidukikije rya Democratic Green Party of Rwanda rizatanga umukandida Dr Frank Habineza. Kugeza ubu Mpayimana Philippe nawe yamaze kwigaragaza nk’umukandida wigenga. Icyumvirizo mu banyarwanda kirerekana ko Paul Kagame azatsinda aya matora ugendeye ku buryo abanyarwanda bishimiye kuba yaremeye kongera kuba umukandida.
Abafata ubu bufatanye bw’imitwe ya Politiki nyarwanda nk’ubugwari bwayo rero ni abadasobanukiwe neza ibitugu by’ u Rwanda na Demokarasi ikwira ibyo bitugu.
Ihuriro ry’imitwe ya Politiki yemewe mu Rwanda rigamije guteza imbere ibiganiro bya Pilitiki no gushakira hamwe ibisubizo binyuze mu bwumvikane bw’imitwe ya Politiki iririmo. Rikagira mu ntego zaryo kubaka ubushobozi bw’abanyepolitiki. Iri huriro ni urubuga abanyepolitiki bo mu Rwanda bahuriza mo ibitekerezo bakabisesengura bagakuramo ikibereye u Rwanda. Ikivuye muri iri huriro ntikizamuka cyitwa icy’ishyaka runaka ahubwo kizamuka ari amahitamo y’abanyarwanda.
